Okay, here is
Lent: 101:
It is a long-established Christian tradition to spend most of the period leading up to Easter as a time for some kind of fasting. The total period is 46 days but you don't count the Sundays (you're allowed to feast and celebrate on Sundays!) so that gives you 40 days - like the 40 days Jesus spent in the desert (ie. it wasn't just a number plucked randomly out of the air!).
The day before Lent was a chance to use up all the rich fatty foods that wouldn't be needed so much in the coming season; that's where pancake day and Mardi Gras (ie. "fat Tuesday") originate. The first day of Lent is Ash Wednesday, and some people will be marked with ash to symbolise their fasting.
The season ticks on until Palm Sunday, a week before Easter, when Jesus' triumphal entry in Jerusalem is remembered. Some churches give out little crosses made of palm fronds, which are what is burnt to provide the ash for the Ash Wednesday the following year. You then have Maundy Thursday (the night of the last supper), Good Friday, a silent Saturday and, at last, Easter Sunday! Hallelujah, he is risen!
There is no evidence of a Lent-type season being instituted in the New Testament but, just because it is not mandated, that does not mean it is of no value. Many Christians could do with a little more contemplative space in their lives and it provides an achievable goal for following some kind of extra discipline, whether that is giving something up (chocolate and TV are modern favourites) or taking something on (like my plan to ensure I make time for eight hours of sleep a night).
It is an artificial season but then, as all cooks know, a little of the right seasoning goes a long way to making the dish richer!
For more background and plenty of links, you could start further reading over on the
Wikipedia article.
Wulf